اثربخشی پارادوکس درمانی بر اضطراب درد و همدلی خود در زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران

3 استاد گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثر بخشی پارادوکس درمانی بر اضطراب درد و همدلی خود در زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان انجام شد.
روش: طرح پژوهش تک آزمودنی از نوع چند خط‌پایه‌ای با دورة پیگیری بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش تمامی بیماران زن مبتلا به سرطان پستان بیمارستان‌های شهر تهران در سال 401- 1400 بود. نمونه آماری 3 زن مبتلا به سرطان پستان بود. جلسات درمانی به صورت انفرادی اجراء گردید. ابزارهای پژوهش، پرسشنامه اضطراب درد مک کراکن و دینگرا و پرسشنامه همدلی معنوی پور و همکاران بودند. داده‌ها با استفاده از شاخص درصد بهبودی، تحلیل‌های درون‌موقعیتی و بین‌موقعیتی در نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و Excel، بررسی شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج درصد بهبودی نشان داد که پارادوکس درمانی بر اضطراب درد در زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان در مرحله درمان تأثیر متوسط به بالا و در مرحله پیگیری تاثیر زیاد داشته است و برای متغیر همدلی خود در مرحله درمان و پیگیری تاثیر متوسط داشته است. تحلیل‌های دیداری و نتایج تحلیل‌های درون‌موقعیتی و بین‌موقعیتی حاکی از تفاوت معنادار بین مرحله خط‌پایه و مداخله برای همة شرکت کننده‌ها بود (100=PND). ماندگاری اثر پارادوکس درمانی بر اضطراب درد و همدلی خود در زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان در مرحلة پیگیری تأیید شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: براساس یافته‌های این پژوهش مشخص شد که پارادوکس درمانی بر اضطراب درد و همدلی خود در زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان مؤثر است، لذا پیشنهاد می شود روان شناسان بالینی از این درمان برای کاهش اضطراب درد و افزایش همدلی خود در زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Paradox Therapy on Pain Anxiety and Self-Empathy in Women with Breast Cancer

نویسندگان [English]

  • alireza jamshidi 1
  • Davood Manavipour 2
  • M. A Besharat 3
  • Mina Mojtabaei 4
1 PhD student in clinical psychology, Department of Psychology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran
3 Professor, Depatment of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Rudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rudehen, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of paradox therapy in alleviating pain anxiety and enhancing self-empathy among women diagnosed with breast cancer.Method: The research employed a single-case, multiple-baseline design with follow-up phases. The study included female with breast cancer who sought treatment at hospitals in Tehran between 2021 and 2022. A sample of three patients was selected from this population, The assessment tools utilized were the Pain Questionnaire by McCracken and Dhingra and the Empathy Questionnaire by Manavipour et al. The data were analyzed using the improvement percentage index, as well as within- and between-situation analyses with the assistance of SPSS and Excel software.
Results: The results indicated that paradox therapy had a moderate to high effect on reducing pain anxiety among women with breast cancer during the treatment stage and a high effect during the follow-up phase. It also demonstrated a moderate effect on self-empathy both during treatment and follow-up. The intra-situational and inter-situational analyses revealed significant differences between the baseline and intervention stages for all participants (PND=100). The efficacy and sustainability of paradox therapy in addressing pain anxiety and enhancing self-empathy among women with breast cancer were confirmed during the follow-up phase.Conclusion: The findings of this research suggest that paradox therapy holds promise as a method for reducing pain anxiety and increasing self-empathy in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Therefore, it is recommended that clinical psychologists consider utilizing this treatment approach to alleviate pain anxiety and promote self-empathy in this population

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • paradox therapy
  • pain anxiety
  • self-empathy
  • woman
  • breast cancer

مراجع

  1. منابع

    1. Morhun J, Racine N, Guilcher G, Tomfohr-Madsen L, Schulte F. Health-related quality of life and well-being in parents of infants and toddlers with cancer. Current Oncology. 2020;27(2):206-15.
    2. Pilevarzadeh M, Amirshahi M, Afsargharehbagh R, Rafiemanesh H, Hashemi S-M, Balouchi A. Global prevalence of depression among breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast cancer research and treatment. 2019;176:519-33.
    3. Bener A, Alsulaiman R, Doodson L, Agathangelou T. Depression, hopelessness and social support among breast cancer patients: in highly endogamous population. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP. 2017;18(7):1889.
    4. Bagheri Sheykhangafshe F. Mental Health and Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Iranian Journal of Breast Diseases. 2021;14(2):76-80.
    5. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2019. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians. 2019;69(1):7-34.
    6. Noori K, Sahraee P, Keshavarz Mohammadi N. Barriers to Participation of Breast Cancer Patients’ Relatives in Mammographic Screening. Iranian Journal of Breast Diseases. 2021;14(2):26-40.
    7. ALACACIOĞLU A, Ulger E, Varol U, Yildiz I, Salman T, Bayoglu V, et al. Depression, anxiety and sexual satisfaction in breast cancer patients and their partners-izmir oncology group study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2014;15(24).
    8. Rom O, Reznick AZ. The stress reaction: a historical perspective. Respiratory Contagion. 2016:1-4.
    9. Wagner CD, Bigatti SM, Storniolo AM. Quality of life of husbands of women with breast cancer. Psycho‐Oncology: Journal of the Psychological, Social and Behavioral Dimensions of Cancer. 2006;15(2):109-20.
    10. 10. Cui Q, Cai Z, Li J, Liu Z, Sun S, Chen C, et al. The psychological pressures of breast cancer patients during the COVID-19 outbreak in China—a comparison with frontline female nurses. Frontiers in psychiatry. 2020;11:559701.
    11. Kale HP, Carroll NV. Self‐reported financial burden of cancer care and its effect on physical and mental health‐related quality of life among US cancer survivors. Cancer. 2016;122(8):283-9.
    12. Carreira H, Williams R, Müller M, Harewood R, Stanway S, Bhaskaran K. Associations between breast cancer survivorship and adverse mental health outcomes: a systematic review. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2018;110(12):1311-27.
    13. Akechi T, Nakano T, Okamura H, Ueda S, Akizuki N, Nakanishi T, et al. Psychiatric disorders in cancer patients: descriptive analysis of 1721 psychiatric referrals at two Japanese cancer center hospitals. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2001;31(5):188-94.
    14. Wang K, Yee C, Tam S, Drost L, Chan S, Zaki P, et al. Prevalence of pain in patients with breast cancer post-treatment: A systematic review. The Breast. 2018;42: 27-113
    15. Asmundson GJ, Collimore KC, Bernstein A, Zvolensky MJ, Hadjistavropoulos HD. Is the latent structure of fear of pain continuous or discontinuous among pain patients? Taxometric analysis of the pain anxiety symptoms scale. The Journal of Pain. 387: (5)8; 2007.
    16. Asmundson G, Vlaeyen J, Crombez G. Understanding and treating fear of pain: Oxford University Press; 2004.
    17. Schreier AM, Johnson LA, Vohra NA, Muzaffar M, Kyle B. Post-treatment symptoms of pain, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and fatigue in breast cancer survivors. Pain Management Nursing. 2019;20(2):146-51.
    18. HASANPOUR DA, Shaaban M. Relationship between cancer characteristics and quality of life in the cancer patients under chemotherapy referred to selected clinic of Tehran university of medical sciences. 2005.
    19. Van Lissa CJ, Hawk ST, Meeus WH. The effects of affective and cognitive empathy on adolescents’ behavior and outcomes in conflicts with mothers. Journal of experimental child psychology. 2017;158:32-45.
    20. Manavipour D, Shahabi P, Pirkhaefi A. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire self-empathy. Social Cognition. 2020;9(2):173-82.
    21. Manavipour D. Mobilization of the unconscious. 2, editor. Tehran: Didavar; 2020.
    22. Asghari Ebrahim Abad MJ, Kareshki H. Psychological consequences of breast cancer in Iran: a systematic review. Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences. 2018;8(4):986-99.
    23. Mehrabani F, Barati F, Ramezanzade Tabriz E, Bakaeian M, Gholami Chaboki B. Unpleasant emotions (stress, anxiety and depression) and it is relationship with parental bonding and disease and demographic characteristics in patients with breast cancer. Iranian Journal of Breast Diseases. 2016;9(3):42-52.
    24. 24. Lai H-L, Chen C-I, Lu C-Y, Huang C-Y. Cognitive behavioral therapy plus coping management for depression and anxiety on improving sleep quality and health for patients with breast cancer. Brain Sciences. 2021;11(12):1614.
    25. 25. Zamanian S, Danesh E, Bolhari J, Ahadi H, Ghahari S. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Spiritual Therapy on the Death Anxiety of Women with Breast Cancer. Social Determinants of Health. 2019;5(1):48-61.
    26. Elahi Nejad S, Makvand Hosseini S, Sabahi P. Comparing the effectiveness of reality therapy and neurofeedback training on improving the quality of life in women with breast cancer. Neuropsychology. 2020;6(1):63-82.
    27. Corey G. Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy: Arasbaran; 2022. 706 p.
    28. Besharat MA. Evaluating the effectiveness of paradox therapy for the treatment of social anxiety disorder: A case study. Journal of psychologicalscience. 2019;18(76):383-96.
    29. Besharat mA. Paradox + Timetable = Cure: Roshd; 1397.
    30. Besharat M, Naghipoor M. The application of paradox therapy for the tretment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A case study. Journal e of Clinical Case Reports and Studies 3(4). 2022.
    31. 31. Tahernejad Javazm Z BMA, Belyad M R, Hosseinzadeh Taghvaei M, Peyvandi P. Determining the Effectiveness of Paradox Therapy on Symptoms of Ego Strength, Self-knowledge, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in People With Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Study. MEJDS. 2022;12:135-.
    32. Besharat M. The application of paradox therapy for the treatment of body dysmorphic disorder: a case report. Journal of psychologicalscience. 2020;19(95):1371-87.
    33. Mohammadi Z SA, Fathi Ashtiani A, Ashrafi E, Mokhberi K. The Effects of Paradoxical Time Table Therapy on Worry, Rumination, Thought-Action Fusion and Symptoms in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. MEJDS. 2020;10(1):70-.
    34. Dehaqin V, Besharat MA, Lavasani MG, Naghsh Z. The effectiveness of paradoxical therapy on relational practical obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Journal of Adolescent and Youth Psychological Studies (JAYPS). 2023;4(4):118-33.
    35. Saadipour I. Research methods in psychology and educational sciences. Tehran: Doran; 1403.
    36. McCracken LM, Dhingra L. A short version of the Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS-20): preliminary development and validity. Pain research and management. 2002;7:45-50.
    37. PAKNEJAD M, ASGHARI A, RAHIMINEZHAD A, ROSTAMI R, TAHERI A. Factorial structure and psychometric properties of the Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS-20). 2014.
    38. Khodapanah M, Golshani F, Taghiloo S, Baghdassarians A. Structural model of pain catastrophizing in emotional eating: The mediating role of anxiety sensitivity and pain-related fear in people with chronic pain. Journal of Applied Psychological Research. 2021;12(2):321-39.
    39. Lawshe CH. A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel psychology. 1975;28(4).
    40. Riley-Tillman TC, Burns MK, Kilgus S. Evaluating educational interventions: Single-case design for measuring response to intervention: Guilford Publications; 2020.
    41. Ogles BM, Lunnen KM, Bonesteel K. Clinical significance: History, application, and current practice. Clinical psychology review. 2001;21(3):421-46.
    42. Frederickson J. Co-creating change: Seven leaves press; 2013.
    43. Besharat MA, Gholamali Lavasani M, Naghsh Z. The effectiveness of paradoxical therapy on relational practical obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Journal of Adolescent and Youth Psychological Studies. 2023;4(4):118-33.
    44. Besharat M. Paradox Therapy for Personality Disorder. Tehran: Ravankavan; 1402.

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 28 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 مرداد 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 شهریور 1403

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار