The Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing on Satisfying Basic Psychological Needs of the Patients under Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

Introduction: Coronary Artery disease is the first cause of mortality in Iran. One of the methods that have been used to control risk factors of coronary disease is motivational interviewing. According to self determination theory (SDT), Autonomy, Competence and Relatedness are basic psychological needs which are supported through motivational interviewing. This study investigates the effectiveness of motivational interviewing on satisfying basic psychological needs of the patients under coronary artery bypass grafting.
Method: Using Quasi experimental, pretest-posttest design with control group, 163 patients who had previously Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) were selected and assigned to two groups: experimental (n=80) and control (n=83) groups. The experimental group participated in motivational interviewing sessions in addition to regular cardiac rehabilitation programs. A questionnaire consists of need satisfaction scale, symptomatic depression, anxiety and stress scale was administered in pretest and posttest for three months. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results: Motivational Interviewing was effective in satisfying needs for autonomy and relatedness but not on need for competence. Depression could affect need for competence.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that motivational interviewing is effective to satisfying basic psychological needs for autonomy and relatedness which are necessary in controlling risk factors of coronary artery disease. It seems that need for competence is under influence of depression. So, treating depression is a prerequisite of satisfying need for competence.