مقایسه اثربخشی درمان مواجهه و جلوگیری از پاسخ و حکایت‌ درمانی بر کاهش نشانه‌های اختلال وسواس – اجبار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی عمومی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه غیرانتفاعی، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال وسواس – اجبار، وجود وسواس‌ها یا اجبارهای مکرر و بسیار شدید است که رنج و عذاب قابل ‌ملاحظه‌ای برای فرد ایجاد می‌کند. هدف این پژوهش مقایسه اثربخشی روش مواجهه و جلوگیری از پاسخ به شیوه خود‌درمانی و رویکرد حکایت‌درمانی بر کاهش نشانه‌های اختلال وسواس- اجبار بود.
روش: این پژوهش، از نوع نیمه‌ آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری انجام گرفت. بدین منظور از بین کلیه بیماران مبتلا به اختلال وسواس- اجبار مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز خدمات روان‌شناختی و روان‌پزشکی شهر اصفهان در سال ۱۴۰۰، تعداد ۳۰ نفر بر اساس ملاک‌های ورود و خروج، با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب و به‌ صورت تصادفی در سه گروه ۱۰ نفری شامل دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل قرار گرفتند. یک گروه آزمایشی به مدت ۶ هفته، درمان مواجهه و جلوگیری از پاسخ به شیوه خوددرمانی دریافت نمودند و گروه دیگر طی ۸ جلسه هفتگی بر اساس راهنمای درمانی وایت (۱۹۹۵) و مانک (۱۹۹۷)، تحت حکایت‌درمانی‌ قرار گرفتند. آزمودنی‌های گروه کنترل نیز در لیست انتظار قرار گرفتند. داده‌های پژوهش به روش تحلیل کواریانس چند متغیره (مانکوا)، با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS-26 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها دال بر اثربخشی درمان مواجهه و جلوگیری از پاسخ به شیوه خوددرمانی و حکایت‌درمانی بر بهبود معنادار نشانه‌های وسواس در مرحله پس‌آزمون و تداوم این بهبودی پس از یک دوره یک‌ ماهه پیگیری بود (01/0>P).
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌ نظر می‌رسد درمان مواجهه و جلوگیری از پاسخ و حکایت درمانی در کنار سایر درمان‌ها می‌تواند در درمان وسواس مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparison of the Effect of Exposure and Response Prevention Therapy and Narrative Therapy on Reduction Symptoms of Obsessive – Compulsive Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zohreh Esfahani 1
  • Maryam Ghorbani 2
  • Mehdi Esfahani 3
1 Master's degree in general psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Non-Profit University, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

abstract
Introduction: ObsessiveـCompulsive Disorder is the existence of repeated and very intense Obsessions or Compulsions that disrupts occupational, social and interpersonal activity. The purpose of this study was comparison of effectiveness of Exposure and Response Prevention by Self–Treatment Method and Narrative Therapy on reduction symptoms of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder.
Methods: This study design was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Therefore, among all patients with Obsessive–Compulsive disorder in psychiatric and psychological centers of Esfahan in 2021, 30 patients were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly assigned in 2 experimental groups and 1 control group. An experimental group received Exposure and Response Prevention by Self–Treatment Method (6 weeks), and other experimental group received Narrative Therapy, in base on the White (1995) and Monk (1997). The results analyzed by MANCOVA in SPSS-26.
Results: The results showed the effect of Exposure and Response Prevention Therapy by Self–Treatment and Narrative Therapy on significant reduction symptoms of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder and so 4 sub-scales, especially doubting and slowness on the post-test and on the one-month follow-up (P<0.01).
Conclusion: It seems that Exposure and Response Prevention Therapy and Narrative therapy can be used alongside other treatments in OCD treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
  • Exposure and Response Prevention
  • Narrative Therapy
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 آذر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 آذر 1402

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