The Comparison of Metacognitive Beliefs and Ambiguity Tolerance among Addicted, Smokers and Normal Individuals

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Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to comparing the metacognitive beliefs and ambiguity tolerance among the addicted, smokers and normal individuals.
Method: The method of this study was ex-post facto. Subjects of the research included 120 (40 addicted, 40 smokers and 40 normal). The addicted group consists of those that had consulted whit Hamadan's addicted self-representing center during spring 2009. The other two groups (smoking and normal) were selected from among the people in the city based on accessible sampling method. The instruments were Wells and Cartwright-Hatton metacognition scale and Ridell and Rosen revised scale for ambiguity tolerance. Data was analyzed using the ANOVA method.
Results: The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference between addicted group and two other groups in metacognitive beliefs total score. Also the tolerance of ambiguity in addicted group is lower than two other groups.
Conclusion: Based on the result of this study and those of other studies we could claim that more impaired metacognitive beliefs and low ambiguity tolerance as 2 important psychological factors function in predicting people's inclinations toward drugs abuse.

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History

  • Receive Date: 29 January 2017
  • Revise Date:
  • Accept Date: 29 January 2017

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