اثربخشی مداخله‌های جسمی روانشناختی چهارگانه بر ارتقای حالت های روانشناختی مثبت و سلامت عملکردی زنان سالمند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

2 نویسنده مسئول:استاد ،گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه روان شناسی بالینی دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه آمار دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: امروزه اعمال مداخلاتی در جهت ایجاد بهزیستی روانشناختی بالا در سالمندان به دلایلی چون کاهش توانمندی جسمی و از دست دادن پایگاه‌های اجتماعی و شغلی در اولویت قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی مداخله‌های جسمی-روانشناختی چهارگانه بر ارتقای مولفه‌های مثبت بهزیستی روانشناختی و سلامت عملکردی سالمندان انجام شده است. روش: نمونه شامل75 نفر از زنان 60-75سال شهر اصفهان بود که در 5 گروه 15 تایی گمارده شدند و تحت مداخله های مربوط قرار گرفتند. مولفه های مثبت بهزیستی روان شناختی شامل تعامل اجتماعی، رضایت از زندگی، شادی، امید به زندگی(انگیزش و گذرگاه) و سلامت عملکردی در پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری توسط آزمون‌های استاندارد و یا محقق ساخته سنجیده شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌های مکرر نشان داد که اثر اصلی برای همه گروه‌ها در همه متغیرها معنی‌دار است(0/001=P). همچنین برای متغیر تعامل اجتماعی تأثیر روش درمانی الکساندر، و برای سایر متغیرها تأثیر هر سه روش درمانی (الکساندر، دوساهو و خاطره گویی)، بیشتر از سایر روش‌هاست. نتیجه‌گیری: جهت افزایش بهزیستی روانشناختی در سالمندی و بهبود تعاملات اجتماعی، امید به زندگی، شادی، رضایت از زندگی و هم‌چنین ارتقاء سطح سلامت عملکردی سالمندان، به کارگیری مداخله‌های جسمی-روانشناختی مورد بررسی در این پژوهش یعنی تکنیک الکساندر، دوساهو و خاطره‌گویی توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Four-dimensional Physical-psychological Interventions on Promoting Positive Psychological Conditions and Functional Health in old Age Women

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohamadreza mosahebi 1
  • Hamidreza Oreyzi 2
  • Fariba Yazdkhasti 3
  • hamid bidram 4
1 Student of PhD. in Psychology, Facuity of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran
2 , PhD. in Industrial Psychology, Assistant Prof. of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran
3 in Clinical Psychology, Assistant Prof. of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran
4 In Statiscal, Assistatnt prof. of Statiscal, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Today, interventions to create a high psychological well-being in the age old have been prioritized for reasons such as decreasing physical capacity and the loss of social and occupational bases in the old age . The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of four-dimensional physical-psychological interventions (Alexander technique, dohsa-hou method, compositional memorization, role playing, and combination method on the promotion of positive components of psychological well-being and Functional health among people age old ). Methods: The sample consisted of 75 women aged 60-75 years old in Isfahan who were assigned to 5 groups of 15 (4 experimental and 1 control group) and received relevant interventions. The positive components of psychological well-being, including social interaction, life satisfaction, life expectancy, happiness and functional health in pre-test, post-test and follow-up were measured by standard or researcher-made tests. Results: The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the main effect for all groups in all variables was significant (P = 0.001). Also, for the social interaction variable, the effect of Alexander's therapeutic approach, and for other research variables, is the effect of all three therapies (Alexander technique, dohsa-hou, and memory retrieval) more than other methods. Conclusion: In order to increase psychological well-being in aging and to improve social interaction, life expectancy, happiness, life satisfaction and functional health, in this period, the use of psychosocial interventions in this research, namely, Alexander technique, dohsa-hou and memory retrieval, is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Alexander Technique
  • dohsa-hou Method
  • Memory retrieval
  • Role playing
  • Positive Components of Psychological Well-being

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 28 مهر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 آذر 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 آذر 1398

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