نقش واسطه ای حافظه سرگذشتی بیش کلی گرا در رابطه بین نشخوار ذهنی و نقص در کارکردهای اجرایی با حل مسأله ناکارآمد در بیماران مبتلا به افسردگی اساسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی، گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه پیام‌نور تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه پیام نور تهران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه پیام نور تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: حل مسئله به عنوان یک عامل مهم در بیماری افسردگی  اساسی شناخته می شود. چند بررسی اخیر نشان می­دهد که نشخوار ذهنی و نقص در کارکرد اجرایی ممکن است یک متغیر تأثیر­گذار در حل مسئله ناکارآمد در افراد افسرده باشد. اما مطالعات کمی درباره سازوکارهای درگیر در این رابطه انجام شده است. پژوهش حاضر با تأکید بر مدل ویلیامز، در قالب یک مدل علّی به بررسی نقش واسطه­ای حافظه سرگذشتی بیش کلی­گرا در رابطه بین نشخوار ذهنی و نقص در کارکردهای اجرایی با حل مسأله ناکارآمد در افراد افسرده می­پردازد.
روش: بدین منظور 50 فرد مبتلا به افسردگی اساسی به روش نمونه­گیری در دسترس در فاصله زمانی اردیبهشت 96 تا مهر96 انتخاب به عنوان نمونه پژوهش انتخاب شدند. همگی آزمودنی ها به مرکز مشاوره دانشگاه پیام­نور، مرکز مشاوره آفرینش و بیمارستان شریعتی شهر فسا مراجعه کرده بودند. جهت گردآوری داده­ها، پس از تشخیص افسردگی اساسی توسط روانشناس، از آزمون حافظه سرگذشتی، آزمون حل مسئله وسیله- غایت، پرسشنامه نشخوار ذهنی و دسته بندی کارت­های ویسکانسین استفاده شد. جهت تحلیل داده­های پژوهش از روش تحلیل مسیر از نوع مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری استفاده شد.
یافته­ ها: نتایج نشان داد نشخوار ذهنی بصورت مستقیم (471/0 - ) و غیرمستقیم (103/0-) بر حل مسئله  تأثیر دارد. اثر کل نشخوار بر حل مسئله ( 573/ 0- )می باشدکه در سطح 95 درصد معنی دار می باشد. بنابراین با توجه به معناداری اثر مستقیم و غیر مستقیم،  حافظه سرگذشتی بعنوان متغیر میانجی جزئی در تأثیر بین نشخوار بر حل مسئله  عمل می کند. همچنین اثر مستقیم ( 309/0)  و اثر غیرمستقیم کارکرد اجرایی (057/0 - ) بر حل مسئله  معنی دار می باشد. بنابراین،  حافظه سرگذشتی بعنوان متغیر میانجی جزئی در تأثیر بین کارکرد اجرایی بر حل مسئله  عمل می کند.
نتیجه ­گیری: پژوهش حاضر  به قسمی مدل سه عاملی ویلیامز را تایید می کند. نتایج نشان داد که افراد افسرده به دلیل خلق منفی، نشخوار ذهنی و نقص در کارکردهای اجرایی، در بازیابی خاطرات سرگذشتی به طور اختصاصی دچار مشکل می­شوند و این مشکل در بازیابی، حل مسائل و مشکلات آنها را نیز تحت تأثیر قرار می­دهد و باعث می­شود که راه حل­های کمتر مؤثری را تولید کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Mediating Role of Overgeneral Autobiographical Memory in Relationship of Rumination and Defective Executive Functions by Dysfunctional Problem Solving in Major Depression Disorder patients

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Esmaeili, 1
  • H Zare, 2
  • A Alipoor 2
  • M Oraki, 3
1 payamnoor university
2 department of psychology.payamnoor university
3 payamnoor university
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Problem solving is known as important factor in major depression disorder. Some studies have recently shown that rumination and impairment of the executive function may be an underlying feature of ineffective problem-solving in MDD patients.The present study focusing on CaR-FA-X Williams model, investigated the intermediate role of over-general autobiographical memory on the relationship between rumination and impairment of executive function with ineffective problem-solving in major depression individuals.
Method: A total sample of 50 subjects with major depression were selected by available sampling method during the April to September 2017 interval. All subjects were referred to counseling center of Payame Noor University, Afarinish Center and Shariati Hospital in Fasa. For data collection, after diagnosis of major depression by a psychologist, Autobiographical Memory Test, Means-Ends Problem Solving Procedure, Rumination Questionnaire, and Wisconsin Card Test were used.
Results: The results showed that rumination directly (-0.471) and indirect (-0.103) affect the problem solving. The overall effect of ruminant on problem solving (-0.573) is significant at 95% level. Therefore, with a significant direct and indirect effect, autobiographical memory acts as a partial mediator in the effect of rumination on problem solving. Also, direct effect of executive function (0. 309) and indirect effect of function (0.057) on significant problem solving. Therefore, overgeneral autobiographical memory acts as a partial mediator in the impact between the executive function on problem solving.
Conclusion:The present study partialy supports the Williams CaR-FA-X model. Results showed that depressed people, due to their negative mood, rumination, and impairment in executive functions, have a particular problem in restoring their memory, and this is a problem in retrieval and solving problems. It also affects their problems and makes them to produce less effecient solutions.
 
 
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • rumination
  • executive function
  • problem solving
  • overgeneral autobiographical memory
  • major depression
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