بررسی تحلیلی رابطه ویژگی‌های زیستی، شناختی و روانی - اجتماعی والدین و رضامندی زوجیت با وزن هنگام تولد نوزادان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 گروه روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده


مقدمه: وزن هنگام تولد یکی از شاخص‌های اصلی سلامتی نوزادان در زمان تولد است، که می‌تواند از یک سو نشانه چگونگی رشد درون رحمی جنین و از سوی دیگر نحوه مراقبت از مادر در دوران بارداری باشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی رابطه بین ویژگی‌های زیستی و رضامندی زوجیت با کم‌وزنی هنگام تولد نوزادان، در شهرستان چالوس بوده است.
روش: این پژوهش از نوع علی – مقایسه­ای و در سال 1395 بر روی 100 نوزاد تازه متولد شده و مادران آنها انجام گرفت. در انتخاب نمونه‌ها از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند، 50 مادر و نوزاد زیر وزن 2500 گرم و 50 مادر و نوزاد با وزن بالای 3800 گرم مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. اطلاعات با پرسشنامه ویژگی‌های زیستی، شناختی، روانی - اجتماعی والدین افروز و پرسشنامه رضامندی زوجیت افروز جمع‌آوری شدو سپس داده‌ها با آماره‌های توصیفی، آزمون مجذور کای و تحلیل رگرسیون لوجستیک، نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 22 تحلیل گردیدند.
یافته­ ها: بر اساس یافته‌ها، فراوانی تولد نوزادان کم‌وزن (با سن 37 هفته و بالاتر) در شهرستان چالوس 3/7% بوده است. 3/33% مادران باردار سن زیر 20 سال و 11% آن‌ها سن بالای 35 سال داشتند. 23/8% از والدین نوزادان کم‌وزن نسبت خویشاوندی نزدیک داشتند. تحلیل‌ها نشان داد که بین ویژگی زیستی (سن مادر) و رضامندی زوجیت با کم‌وزنی هنگام تولد ارتباط معناداری وجود داشت. اما بین ویژگی شناختی و روانی اجتماعی مادران و کم ­وزنی هنگام تولد نوزادان رابطه‌ی معناداری یافت نشد.
نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که برخی از ویژگی‌های زیستی و روانی مادران بر کم‌وزنی هنگام تولد نوزادان، تأثیر قابل توجهی داشتند و می‌توانند در برنامه‌های پیشگیری از تولد نوزادان کم‌وزن مورد توجه بیشتری قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analytical Study on Relationships of Biological, Cognitive and Psychosocial Characteristics and Marital Satisfaction with Low Birth Weight in Newborn Babies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholam Ali Afrooz 1
  • jaleh khajavi 1
  • samaneh maleki 2
  • fatemeh farid 1
1 department of psychology and education of exceptional children, faculty of psychology and education, tehran university, tehran, iran
2 department of psychology and education of exceptional children, faculty of psychology and education, Tehran university, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: From a public health standpoint, the average weight of newborns is one of the main indicators of the quality of health care services received, reproductive health, safe motherhood, nutrition and intrauterine growth during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the biological characteristics and the marital satisfaction of mothers who give birth to newborns with low birth weight (LBW) in the city of Chalus.
Method: This is a causal–comparative study, conducted in 2016 in which the mothers of 50 newborns with a birth weight of less than 2500 g and those of 50 newborns with an ideal / satisfactory weight of more than 3800 g were surveyed. The information was gathered with Afrooz Questionnaires for Biological, Cognitive, Psychological and Social traits of Mothers and Marital Satisfaction of Couples. The data collected from the questionnaires was analyzed with descriptive statistics and logistical regression using SPSS version 22.
Results: The results of this study showed that the frequency of newborns with LBW in Chalus was%3/7. The frequency of pregnant mothers with an age of less than 20 was%3/33 while those over 35 was%11, and%23/8 with consanguineous marriages. The analysis showed that of the maternal characteristics studied, Mather’s age and marital satisfaction had a statistically significant relationship with LBW in newborns.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that certain biological and psychological maternal traits have a considerable impact on LBW in newborns, and can be further considered in programs aimed towards the prevention of LBW.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Low Birth Weight
  • Biological traits
  • marital satisfaction

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 خرداد 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 مرداد 1398

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