مقایسه اثربخشی ذهن‌آگاهی و معنویت‌ درمانی بر نظام‌های بازداری و فعال‌ساز رفتاری در سوء مصرف‌کنندگان هروئین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 : مربی، عضو علمی گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران،ایران

2 کارشناسی روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی عمومی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: بر اساس نظریه حساسیت به تقویت، شخصیت بهنجار و نابهنجار در امتداد یک پیوستار قرار دارند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، مقایسه اثربخشی معنویت درمانی و ذهن‌آگاهی (MBCT) در سوءمصرف‌کنندگان هروئین می‌باشد.
روش‌: روش پژوهش حاضر نیمه آزمایشی و جامعه پژوهش شامل کلیه سوءمصرف‌کنندگان مواد که تعداد 300 نفر مصرف‌کنندگان هروئین در اردوگاه کرامت سپاه صاحب الزمان)عج) اصفهان در سال 1399 بودند که به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس تعداد 90 نفر انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی به سه گروه همراه با پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون تحت آموزش معنویت‌درمانی (30 نفر) و گروه تحت آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی (30 نفر) و گروه گواه (30 نفر) تقسیم شدند. گروه اول طی 8 جلسه تحت آموزش معنویت درمانی قرار گرفتند و گروه دوم طی 8 جلسه تحت آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی(MBCT) قرار گرفتند و گروه گواه هیچ برنامه‌آموزشی نداشتند. ابزار اندازه‌گیری عبارت بود از پرسشنامه شخصیتی (گری ویلسون، 1989) ، مقیاس وسواسی جبری مصرف مواد (اینگمار فرانکن، 2002). با توجه به ملاک‌های ورود و خروج و همگن‌سازی آزمودنی‌ها بر اساس ویژگی‌های جمعیت‌شناختی مشخص شد قبل از انجام پژوهش بین آزمودنی‌ها تفاوت زیادی وجود ندارد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل ‌کوواریانس نشان داد که آموزش معنویت‌درمانی بر سیستم بازداری مغز اثر بخش بود (P=0/00) و آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی بر سیستم فعال‌ساز رفتاری اثر بخش بود. (P=0/001) و در گروه گواه هیچ تغییری درسیستم بازداری مغز و سیستم فعال‌ساز رفتاری مغز مشاهده نشد.
نتیجه‌گیری: آموزش معنویت‌درمانی بر سیستم بازداری مغز اثربخش بود ولی آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی بر سیستم فعال‌ساز رفتاری اثربخش بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness and Spiritual Therapy on Inhibitory Systems and Behavioral Activators in Heroin Abusers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asghar Kamran 1
  • Majid Ghafari 2
  • Zhila Niyazi mirak 3
1 : Instructor, Scientific Member of the Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Bachelor of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
3 Master of General Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of spiritual therapy and mindfulness (MBCT) in heroin abusers.
Methods: The method of the present study was quasi-experimental and the study population included all substance abusers who were 300 heroin users in the Saheb-ol-Zaman Corps Sepah in Isfahan in 2020. 90 people were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into three groups. They were divided into pre-test-post-test under spirituality training (30 people), group under mindfulness training (30 people) and control group (30 people). The first group received 8 sessions of spiritual therapy training and the second group received 8 sessions of mindfulness training (MBCT) and the control group did not have any training program. The measurement tools were a personality questionnaire (Gary Wilson, 1989), an algebraic obsessive-compulsive disorder (Ingmar Franken, 2002). According to the entry and exit criteria and homogenization of the subjects based on demographic characteristics, it was found that there was not much difference between the subjects before the study.
Results: The results of analysis of variance showed that spiritual therapy training is effective on brain inhibition system (BIS) (P = 0.001 ) and mindfulness training (MBCT) is effective on behavioral activation system (BAS) (P = 0.001) and in the control group, no changes were observed in the Brain Inhibition System (BIS) and the Brain Behavioral Activation System (BAS) (P> 0.05)
Conclusion: Spirituality therapy training was effective on the brain inhibition system, but mindfulness training was effective on the behavioral activator system.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Brain Inhibition System (BIS)
  • Brain Behavioral Activation System (BAS)
  • Spirituality Therapy
  • Mindfulness (MBCT)
  • Heroin

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 مرداد 1400

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