اثربخشی مداخله سوسیودرام بر بهبود مهارت‌های اجتماعی کودکان دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
مقدمه: اضطراب اجتماعی ممکن است استفاده شخص از فرصت­ های خود برای یادگیری مهارت ­های اجتماعی مناسب را محدود کند. این پژوهش با هدف تبیین اثربخشی مداخله سوسیودرام بر بهبود مهارت ­های اجتماعی کودکان دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی انجام گرفت.
روش: روش تحقیق در این پژوهش آزمایشی از نوع طرح تک ­آزمودنی AB بود. جامعه ­آماری شامل تمامی کودکان 6 تا 7 سال مبتلا به اضطراب اجتماعی بود که در سال تحصیلی 1400- 1399 در مراکز روانشناسی شهر تهران حضور داشتند. از بین آنها تعداد 5 کودک دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی (دو پسر و سه دختر) بر اساس ملاک­ های ورود و خروج و به شیوه نمونه­ گیری هدفمند گزینش شدند. مداخله سوسیودرام برای هر کودک در 10 جلسه اجرا گردید. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل مقیاس سنجش مهارت ­های اجتماعی ماتسون و چک لیست رفتار اجتماعی بود. تحلیل دیداری داده ­ها در دو سطح درون موقعیتی و بین موقعیتی انجام گرفت.
یافته­ ها: یافته­ های پژوهش نشان داد که مداخله سوسیودرام سبب افزایش مهارت­ های اجتماعی کودکان دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی در مقیاس سنجش مهارت ­های اجتماعی ماتسون شده؛ و میزان بهبودی کلی در هر یک از تک رفتارهای اضطراب و اجتناب در حل مسأله، اضطراب و اجتناب در خودکنترلی، اضطراب و اجتناب در مسئولیت پذیری، اضطراب و اجتناب در برقراری ارتباط، اضطراب و اجتناب در دوست­یابی، اضطراب و اجتناب در مشارکت و همکاری و اضطراب و اجتناب در ابراز وجود به ترتیب 67/01، 83/30، 82/80، 82/65، 77/37، 86/88و 82/87 درصد بود. میزان بهبودی کلی بین پنج آزمودنی نیز 82/42درصد برآورد شد.

نتیجه ­گیری: با توجه به یافته­ های پژوهش می­توان نتیجه گرفت که مداخله سوسیودرام قادر است سبب افزایش مهارت ­های اجتماعی کودکان دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی شود. بنابراین، نهادهای خانواده و آموزشی، مراکز خدمات روانشناختی و مشاوره می­توانند برای بهبود مهارت­ های اجتماعی کودکان دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی از مداخله سوسیودرام بهره­مند شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Sociodrama Intervention to Reduce the Social Skills in Children with Social Anxiety Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hoda Alikhani 1
  • Siamak Samani 2
  • Mohammad Reza Bardideh 3
  • Mohammad Mozafari 3
1 PhD student in Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor. Departeman of Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Introduction: Social anxiety may limit a person's use of opportunities to learn appropriate social skills. The aim of this study was to explain the effectiveness of sociodrama intervention to improving social skills in children with social anxiety disorder.
Method: research method in this study was a single-subject of AB experimental designs. The study population consisted of all children with social anxiety disorder aged 6 to 7 years that attended psychological centers in Tehran in the academic year 1399-1400. Among them, 5 children with social anxiety disorder (two boys and three girls) were selected based on entry and exit criteria and by purposive sampling. Sociodrama intervention was performed for each child in 10 sessions. The research instrument was Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngester and Social Behavior Checklist. Data were analyzed using visual analysis at both within subject and intersubject levels.
Results: The results showed that sociodrama intervention increases social skills in children with social anxiety disorder in Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngester; and the recovery rate in each of the single behaviors of anxiety and avoidance in problem solving, anxiety and avoidance in self-control, anxiety and avoidance in responsibility, anxiety and avoidance in communicate, anxiety and avoidance in finding friend, anxiety and avoidance in participation and cooperation and anxiety and avoidance in assertiveness respectively was 67.01, 83.30, 82.80, 82.65, 77.37, 86.88 and 82.78 percentage. The total recovery rate among five subjects also 82.42 percent was estimated.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the sociodrama intervention can increase the social skills in children with social anxiety disorder. Therefore, family and educational institutions, psychological and counseling services centers can benefit from sociodrama intervention to improving social skills children with social anxiety disorder.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sociodrama intervention
  • Social Skills
  • Social anxiety disorder

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 فروردین 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 دی 1400

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