عوامل آسیب‌پذیری عام و خاص اختلالات اضطرابی: ارزیابی یک مدل ساختاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی سلامت، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
مقدمه: اختلالات اضطرابی رایج ترین اختلالات روانپزشکی هستند که رنج زیادی برای بیماران و هزینه‌های فراوانی برای جوامع تحمیل می‌کنند. بنابراین شناسایی عوامل آسیب‌پذیری این اختلالات ضروری به شمار می‌رود. هدف از پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی عوامل آسیب پذیری عام و خاص اختلالات اضطرابی در چارچوب یک مدل ساختاری بود.
روش‌: 420 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه‌های شهر تهران با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شده و به سیاهه شخصیتی پنج‌عاملی، پرسشنامه کنترل اضطراب تجدیدنظر شده، مقیاس عدم تحمل بلاتکلیفی، شاخص حساسیت اضطرابی، مقیاس حساسیت انزجاری، مقیاس ترس از ارزیابی منفی، نسخه چهارم پرسشنامه اختلال اضطراب فراگیر، پرسشنامه وحشت‌زدگی و هراس آلبانی و جدول زمینه‌یابی ترس - فرم دوم پاسخ دادند. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از روش تحلیل مسیر استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: براساس یافته‌های این پژوهش روان‌رنجورخویی به عنوان عامل آسیب‌پذیری زیستی ( 10/0 ، 05/0، 10/0، 17/0 =β) و فقدان کنترل ادراک شده را به عنوان عامل آسیب‌پذیری روانشناختی عام ( 16/0 ، 04/0، 10/0، 15/0 =β) تمام اختلالات اضطرابی می‌توان در نظر گرفت. از سویی برون‌گرایی را می‌توان عامل آسیب‌پذیری زیستی برای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی تلقی کرد (23/0- =β ). همچنین یافته های این پژوهش منجر به شناسایی عوامل آسیب‌پذیری خاص هر کدام از اختلالات اضطرابی شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: براساس یافته های این پژوهش می‌توان مدل آسیب‌پذیری سه‌گانه را چارچوبی مناسب برای تبیین سبب‌شناسی اختلالات اضطرابی قلمداد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها: اختلالات اضطرابی، عوامل آسیب‌پذیری عام و خاص، تحلیل مسیر

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The General and Specific vulnerability factors of anxiety disorders: Evaluation of a structural model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yaser Tedadi 1
  • Abbas Rahiminezhad 2
  • Hossein Karsazi 1
1 Doctorate in Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]


Introduction
Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders that impose a lot of suffering for patients and costs for communities. Thus, identifying the vulnerability factors of these disorders is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluation of General and Specific vulnerability factors of anxiety disorders within the framework of a structural model.

Methods
420 students from universities in Tehran were selected by convenience sampling and responses to NEO Five-Factor Inventory, Anxiety Control Questionnaire-revised, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, Anxiety Sensitivity Index, disgust sensitivity scale, Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale, Generalized anxiety disorders questionnaire-IV, Albany Panic and Phobia Questionnaire and fear survey schedule-II. Data analysis was performed using path analysis.

Results
Based on the findings of this study, neuroticism can be described as a biological vulnerability (β = 0.17, 0.10, 0.05, 0.10 ) and the lack of perceived control as General psychological vulnerability (β = 0.15, 0.10, 0.04, 0.16 ) factor. for anxiety disorders. On the other hand, extraversion can be considered as a biological vulnerability to social anxiety disorder (β = - 0.23). As well as the results of this study led to the identification of specific vulnerability factor of each of the anxiety disorders.

Conclusion
Based on the findings of this study can be considered the Triple Vulnerability Model suitable framework to explain the etiology of anxiety disorders.

Keywords: Anxiety disorders, General and Specific vulnerability factors, path analysis

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Anxiety disorders
  • General and Specific vulnerability factors
  • path analysis

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 فروردین 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 09 آبان 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 آبان 1401

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