Predicting spousal conflict resolution strategies based on borderline personality disorder symptoms mediating by emotion regulation

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Master of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Master of General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of the study was to Predicting spouse conflict resolution strategies based on borderline personality disorder symptoms mediating by rumination and thought suppression emotional regulation strategies.
Method: The study design was a descriptive correlational type and the statistical population of this study was included all of the female and male married students of the Islamic Azad University of Karaj in 2019, 360 married students were selected by targeted sampling. Research Tools were Conflict Tactics Scale, Borderline Symptom List, Ruminative Response Scale and White Bear Suppression Inventory. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.
Results: The results of the present study showed that borderline personality disorder symptoms predict positively and significantly rumination and thought suppression emotion regulation strategies (β=0.879, P=0.004). Borderline personality disorder symptoms negatively and significantly predict spousal conflict resolution strategies (β=-0.488, P=0.007). Rumination and thought suppression emotion regulation strategies positively and significantly predict spousal conflict resolution strategies (β=0.706, P=0.005). Borderline personality disorder symptoms positively and significantly predict spousal conflict resolution strategies by mediating rumination and thought suppression emotion regulation strategies (β=0.620, P=0.005).
Conclusion: Successful suppression of unpleasant and negative emotions and disturbing thoughts and memories in the short term by using strategies such as distraction that are used in response to rumination, weakens the emotions and unpleasant thoughts, leading to more use of negotiation during marital conflicts.

Keywords

References

منابع
1. Baranger DAA, Few LR, Sheinbein DH, Agrawal A, Oltmanns TF, Knodt AR, et al. Borderline personality traits are not correlated with brain structure in two large samples. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. 2020.
2. Bassir Nia A, Eveleth MC, Gabbay JM, Hassan YJ, Zhang B, Perez-Rodriguez MM. Past, present, and future of genetic research in borderline personality disorder. Current opinion in psychology. 2018;21:60-8.
3. Ten Have M, Verheul R, Kaasenbrood A, van Dorsselaer S, Tuithof M, Kleinjan M, et al. Prevalence rates of borderline personality disorder symptoms: a study based on the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2. BMC psychiatry. 2016;16:249.
4. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
5. Aftab R, Taghiloo S, Karbalaee Mohammad Meigouni A. The structural model of relationship between borderline personality traits, interpersonal difficulties and Internet addiction. Journal of Psychology Achievement. 2017;23(2):113-36.
6. Woszidlo A, Segrin CG. Negative affectivity and educational attainment as predictors of newlyweds problem solving communication and marital quality. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied. 2013;147(1):49-73.
7. Haghighi H, Zarei E, Ghaderi F. Factor structure and psychometric characteristics conflict resolution styles questionnaire Rahim (ROCI-II) in Iranian couples. Family Counseling and Psychotherapy. 2012;2(1):534-62.
8. Panaghi L, Dehghani M, Abbasi M, Mohammadi S, Maleki Gh. Investigating Reliability, Validity and Factor Structure of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale. Journal of Family Research. 2011;7(1):103-17.
9. Latalova K, Prasko J. Aggression in borderline personality disorder. The Psychiatric quarterly. 2010;81(3):239-51.
10. Whisman MA, Schonbrun YC. Social consequences of borderline personality disorder symptoms in a population-based survey: marital distress, marital violence, and marital disruption.. Journal of personality disorders. 2009;23(4):410-5.
11. Smith M, South S. Romantic attachment style and borderline personality pathology: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review. 2020;75:101781.
12. South SC, Turkheimer E, Oltmanns TF. Personality disorder symptoms and marital functioning. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology. 2008;76(5):769-80.
13. Lavner JA, Lamkin J, Miller JD. Borderline personality disorder symptoms and newlyweds' observed communication, partner characteristics, and longitudinal marital outcomes. Journal of abnormal psychology. 2015;124(4):975-81.
14. Ntshingila N, Poggenpoel M, Myburgh CPH, Temane A. Experiences of women living with borderline personality disorder. Health SA Gesondheid. 2016;21:110-9.
15. Hallquist MN, Hall NT, Schreiber AM, Dombrovski AY. Interpersonal dysfunction in borderline personality: a decision neuroscience perspective. Current opinion in psychology. 2018;21:94-104.
16. Debashi, L, Najafi, M, Rahimian-Boogar, I. The effectiveness of cognitive-analytic therapy on impulsivity and dissociative experiences of borderline personality disordered patients. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2018;10(2):15-27.
17. Selby EA, Anestis MD, Joiner TE. Understanding the relationship between emotional and behavioral dysregulation: emotional cascades. Behaviour research and therapy. 2008;46(5):593-611.
18. Selby EA, Joiner TE, Jr. Cascades of Emotion: The Emergence of Borderline Personality Disorder from Emotional and Behavioral Dysregulation. Review of general psychology: journal of Division 1, of the American Psychological Association. 2009;13(3):219.
19. Mahmood Aliloo M, Hashemi T, Beirami M, Bakhshipoor A, Sharifi MA. Investigating the relationship between childhood maltreatment, loss and initial separation and emotional dysregulation with borderline personality disorder. Journal of Psychology Achievement. 2014;21(2):65-88.
20. Carpenter RW, Trull TJ. Components of emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder: a review. Current psychiatry reports. 2013;15(1):335.
21. Jungmann SM, Vollmer N, Selby EA, Witthoft M. Understanding Dysregulated Behaviors and Compulsions: An Extension of the Emotional Cascade Model and the Mediating Role of Intrusive Thoughts. Frontiers in psychology. 2016;7:994.
22. Winsper C. The aetiology of borderline personality disorder (BPD): contemporary theories and putative mechanisms. Current opinion in psychology. 2018;21:105-10.
23. Selby EA, Joiner TE, Jr. Emotional cascades as prospective predictors of dysregulated behaviors in borderline personality disorder. Personality disorders. 2013;4(2):168-74.
24. Selby EA, Kranzler A, Panza E, Fehling KB. Bidirectional-Compounding Effects of Rumination and Negative Emotion in Predicting Impulsive Behavior: Implications for Emotional Cascades. Journal of personality. 2016;84(2):139-53.
25. Aftab R, Karbalaee Mohammad Meigouni A, Taghiloo S. The mediating role of emotion regulation strategies in relationship between borderline personality and conjugal violence. Journal of Applied Psychology. 2015;8(32):7-27.
26. Haghighi H. Factor structure and psychometric characteristics conflict resolution styles questionnaire Rahim (ROCI-II) in Iranian couples. Family Counseling and Psychotherapy. 2012;1(3):534-61.
27. Ozguc S, Tanriverdi D. Relations Between Depression Level and Conflict Resolution Styles, Marital Adjustments of Patients With Major Depression and Their Spouses. Archives of psychiatric nursing. 2018;32(3):337-42.
28. Fathi E, Esmaeily M, farahbakhsh k. Areas of Conflict and Strategies of Resolving Conflicts in Satisfied Couples. Counseling Culture and Psychotherapy. 2015;6(24):29-54.
29. Nazari R, Karbalaie Mohammad Meigooni A. Structural model of perfectionism, psychological well-being and marital adjustment. Journal of Applied Psychology. 2017;11(43):411-32.
30. Guadagnoli E, Velicer WF. Relation of sample size to the stability of component patterns. Psychological bulletin. 1988;103(2):265-75.
31. Straus MA, Hamby SL, Boney-McCoy S, Sugarman DB. The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2):Development and Preliminary Psychometric Data. Journal of Family Issues. 1996;17(3):283-316.
32. Bohus M, Limberger MF, Frank U, Sender I, Gratwohl T, Stieglitz RD. [Development of the Borderline Symptom List]. Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie. 2001;51(5):201-11.
33. Nolen-Hoeksema S, Morrow J. A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster: the 1989 Loma
 
Prieta Earthquake. Journal of personality and social psychology. 1991;61(1):115-21.
34. Nolen-Hoeksema S, Parker LE, Larson J. Ruminative coping with depressed mood following loss. Journal of personality and social psychology. 1994;67(1):92-104.
35. Wegner DM, Zanakos S. Chronic thought suppression. J Pers. 1994;62(4):616-40.
36. Kline RB. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. 2nd ed. New York & London: Guilford press; 2005.
37. Selby EA, Anestis MD, Bender TW, Joiner TE. An exploration of the emotional cascade model in borderline personality disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 2009;118:375-87.
38. Selby EA, Joiner TE. Emotional cascades as prospective predictors of dysregulated behaviors in borderline personality disorder. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment. 2013;4(2):168-74.
39. Tuna E, Bozo Ö. Exploring the Link Between Emotional and Behavioral Dysregulation: A Test of the Emotional Cascade Model. The Journal of General Psychology. 2014;141(1):1-17.
40. Aftab R. Mediating role of interpersonal problems in the relationship between experiential avoidance with depression and anxiety. Journal of Applied Psychology. 2017;10(40):523-42.
41. Germain C, Kangas M. Trait Anger Symptoms and Emotion Regulation: The Effectiveness of Reappraisal, Acceptance and Suppression Strategies in Regulating Anger. Behavior Change. 2015;32(1):35-45.
42. Geisler FCM, Schröder-Abé M. Is emotion suppression beneficial or harmful? It depends on self-regulatory strength. Motivation and Emotion. 2015;39(4):553-62.
43. Homaeenejad H, Karbalaee Mohammad Meigouni A, Taghiloo S. The structural model of childhood trauma, cognitive emotion regulation strategies and borderline personality symptoms. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2018;10(3):35-48.
44. Aldao A, Nolen-Hoeksema S, Schweizer S. Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review. 2010;30(2):217-37.
45. Tucker RP, Wingate LR, O’Keefe VM, Mills AC, Rasmussen K, Davidson CL, et al. Rumination and suicidal ideation: The moderating roles of hope and optimism. Personality and Individual Differences. 2013;55(5):606-11.
46. Tavana M, Chmanate R. The study of the relationship between rumination and marital conflicts in people referring to counseling center in Gonbad city in 1396. Psychology, Social Sciences and Educational Sciences. 2018;2(3):43-51.
47. Namdarpour F, Fatehizade M, Bahrami F, Mohammadi Fesharaki R. Mental Rumination Consequences in Women with Marital Conflicts: A Qualitative Study. journal of counseling research. 2018;17(67):122-53.
48. Whisman MA, du Pont A, Butterworth P. Longitudinal associations between rumination and depressive symptoms in a probability sample of adults. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2020;260:680-6.
49. Cameron S, Brown VJ, Dritschel B, Power K, Cook M. Understanding the relationship between suicidality, current depressed mood, personality, and cognitive factors. Psychology and psychotherapy. 2017;90(4):530-49.
50. Giorgio JM, Sanflippo J, Kleiman E, Reilly D, Bender RE, Wagner, CA,.Alloy LB An experiential avoidance conceptualization of depressive rumination: Three tests of the model. Behaviour Research and Therapy 2010;48(10):1021-31.
51. Barańczuk U. The five factor model of personality and emotion regulation: A meta-analysis. Personality and Individual Differences. 2019;139:217-27.
52. Petkus AJ, Gum A, Wetherell JL. Thought suppression is associated with psychological distress in homebound older adults. Depression and anxiety. 2012;29(3):219-25.
53. Szasz PL, Szentagotai A, Hofmann SG. The effect of emotion regulation strategies on anger. Behaviour research and therapy. 2011;49(2):114-9.
54. Beblo T, Fernando S, Kamper P, Griepenstroh J, Aschenbrenner S, Pastuszak A, et al. Increased attempts to suppress negative and positive emotions in Borderline Personality Disorder. Psychiatry research. 2013;210(2):505-9.
55. Geiger PJ, Peters JR, Baer RA. Using a measure of cognitive distortion to examine the relationship between thought suppression and borderline personality features: A multi-method investigation. Personality and Individual Differences. 2014;59:54-9.
56. Najmi S, Wegner DM, Nock MK. Thought suppression and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors. Behaviour research and therapy. 2007;45(8):1957-65.
57. Schmalz J, E., Murrell AR. Measuring Experiential Avoidance in Adults: The Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire. International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy. 2010;6(3):198-213.
58. Dworsky CKO, Pargament KI, Wong S, Exline JJ. Suppressing spiritual struggles: The role of experiential avoidance in mental health. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. 2016;5(4):258-65.
59. Najmi S. Thought suppression. Oxford Handbooks Online: Oxford University Press; 2013.
60. Carew CL, Milne AM, Tatham EL, MacQueen GM, Hall GBC. Neural systems underlying thought suppression in young women with, and at-risk, for depression. Behavioural Brain Research. 2013;257:13-24.
61. van Schie K, Wanmaker S, Yocarini I, Bouwmeester S. Psychometric qualities of the Thought Suppression Inventory-Revised in different age groups. Personality and Individual Differences. 2016;91:89-97.
62. Dixon-Gordon KL, Turner BJ, Zachary Rosenthal M, Chapman AL. Emotion Regulation in Borderline Personality Disorder: An Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Instructed Acceptance and Suppression. Behavior Therapy. 2017;48(6):750-64.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 02 March 2020
  • Revise Date: 08 November 2020
  • Accept Date: 05 December 2020

Share

How to cite

Statistics