تبیین قلدری نوجوانان بر اساس بدرفتاری والدین و پیوند با والدین: نقش میانجی‌گر حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه آموزشی روان‌شناسی و مشاوره، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، واحد کاشمر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کاشمر، ایران

چکیده

زمینه: شواهد پژوهشی حاکی از آن است که قلدری در بین نوجوانان به امری شایع و فراگیر تبدیل شده است و عوامل متعددی را به عنوان پیش‌بینی‌کننده‌های این امر عنوان می‌کنند. به نظر می‌رسد پیوند با والدین، بدرفتاری والدین و حمایت‌هایی که نوجوانان می‌توانند اخذ کنند، نقش مهمی در این پدیده دارد. ازاین­ رو پرداختن به این متغیرها در قالب یک مدل بر روی نوجوانان نیاز به بررسی بیشتر دارد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر تبیین قُلدری در نوجوانان بر اساس پیوند با والدین و بدرفتاری والدین با نقش میانجی‌گر حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده بود.
روش: این پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی به روش تحلیل مسیر بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل کلیه نوجوانان 14 تا 17 ساله شهر گناباد در سال 1403-1404 بود که از بین آن‌ها تعداد 287 نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای انتخاب شدند و به پرسشنامه‌های قلدری ایلی‌نویز اسپلاگه و هولت (2001)، حمایت اجتماعی زیمت و همکاران (1988)، پیوند با والدین پارکر و همکاران (1979) و بدرفتاری والدین فیدل (1989) پاسخ دادند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از روش‌های همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل مسیر به کمک نرم‌افزارهای SPSSV24 و AMOSV24 استفاده شد.
یافته­ ها: نتایج نشان داد متغیرهای بدرفتاری والدین (0/240 =b)، پیوند با والدین (0/240- =b) و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده (0/428- =b) اثر مستقیم و معنی‌داری بر قلدری در نوجوانان دارند (0/01 >P). همچنین نتایج نشان داد بدرفتاری والدین (0/216=b) و پیوند با والدین (0/159- =b) با میانجی‌گری حمایت اجتماعی اثر غیرمستقیم، منفی و معنی‌داری (0/01>P) بر قلدری در نوجوانان دارند.
نتیجه‌گیری: در نهایت می‌توان گفت مدل ساختاری تبیین قُلدری در نوجوانان بر اساس پیوند با والدین و بدرفتاری والدین با نقش میانجی‌گر حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده از شاخص‌های برازش مطلوبی برخوردار بود و ازاین­ رو استفاده از این مدل می‌تواند به معلمان، مدیران، روانشناسان، مشاوران خانواده و متخصصان تعلیم و تربیت در ارتقای پیوند با والدین و حمایت اجتماعی و کاهش بدرفتاری والدین و قلدری در نوجوانان کمک نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explaining Adolescent Bullying Based on Parental Maltreatment and Parental Bonding: The Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support

نویسندگان [English]

  • Afzal Akbari Balootbangan 1
  • Mina Haydari 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology and Counseling, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Master’s Student in Clinical Psychology, Kashmar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashmar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Empirical research evidence indicates that bullying has become a widespread and pervasive issue among adolescents, with various factors identified as its predictors.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to explain bullying in adolescent based on parental attachment and parental maltreatment, with the mediating role of perceived social support.

Methods: This study employed a descriptive correlational design using path analysis. The statistical population consisted of all adolescents aged 14 to 17 in Gonabad city during the 2025 academic year. A total of 287 participants were selected through cluster sampling. They completed the following questionnaires: the Illinois Bully Scale (Espelage & Holt, 2001), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet et al., 1988), the Parental Bonding Instrument (Parker et al., 1979), and the Parental Abuse Questionnaire (Fedele, 1989). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and path analysis via SPSSV24 and AMOSV24 software.

Results: Results revealed that parental maltreatment (β= 0.240), parental attachment (β= −0.240), and perceived social support (β= −0.428) had significant direct effects on bullying in adolescent (p<0.01). Additionally, parental maltreatment (β= 0.216) and parental attachment (β= −0.159) had significant indirect effects on bullying through perceived social support (p< 0.01).

Conclusion: The structural model of bullying in adolescent based on parental attachment and parental maltreatment, mediated by perceived social support, demonstrated acceptable fit indices. This model can be utilized by educators, school administrators, psychologists, family counselors, and educational specialists to enhance parent–child relationships, foster social support, and reduce both parental maltreatment and bullying in adolescent.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bullying in Adolescent
  • Parental Attachment
  • Parental Maltreatment
  • Perceived Social Support

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 اردیبهشت 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 تیر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 تیر 1404

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